St. Andrews Day
In
most Christian countries and for many centuries the last day in November has
been observed as the feast day of St Andrew. The Church Calendar begins with
Advent (defined as the nearest Sunday to St Andrew’s Day), and it seems fitting
that Andrew, the first of Christ’s disciples, should have the distinction of
coming first in the Church Year. In Scotland - and wherever else Scots are
gathered - November 30th is celebrated as our national day, for St Andrew is
Scotland’s patron saint and the St Andrew’s Cross (or Satire) is Scotland’s
flag.
The
story of St. Andrew is a complex one, with different versions and interpretations.
It is now impossible to know what the “true” story is.
After Christ's crucifixion, one version of the legend is that Andrew went to
Greece to preach Christianity, where he was crucified for his beliefs at a place
called Patras, on a cross in the form of an X. However, the X-shaped cross played
little part in early legends of St. Andrew and indeed in early versions of the
tale, Andrew was nailed to an olive tree, not a cross.
As legend would have it, a Greek Monk called St. Rule had a dream telling of
the removal of St. Andrew's remains to Constantinople by Constantine The
Great, and was instructed by an angel to find them and take as much of
them as he could to the "ends of the earth" for safe-keeping.
St. Rule took various body parts from St. Andrew's tomb and followed the instructions
he had been given in his dream. However, on his journey he was shipwrecked off
the east coast of Scotland. The relics were housed for a while in the Cathedral
of St. Andrews in 1160, however they are now lost, probably destroyed during
the Scottish Reformation.
It became a custom for farm workers to mark the day by catching rabbits then
feasting and drinking, though nowadays it is typically celebrated by Scots communities
around the world.